Hard disk Overview
The development history of hard disk
In 1956, the world's first hard disk was born, it was built by IBM, called the 350RAMAC.
The disk has a diameter of 24 inches and 50 discs, weighs hundreds of kilograms, and is the size of two refrigerators, but its storage capacity is only 5MB.
In 1973, the Winchester hard drive was born.
In 1980, the first Gigabyte capacity hard disk and the first home hard disk were introduced. In the late 1980s, IBM introduced the Magneto Resistive (MR) technology, a new type of magnetic head that uses magnetic induction to write and magnetoresistive to read, which greatly improves the sensitivity of the magnetic head and greatly improves the work efficiency of the hard disk. At the same time, the disk storage density is also dozens of times higher than the previous 20Mbpsi (bit/ square inch), laying the foundation for a huge increase in hard disk capacity.
In 1991, hard disk technology made a huge breakthrough. Since then, the development of hard drives has accelerated, and the storage capacity has also increased.
The specifications of the hard disk
The specifications of hard disks mainly include the following aspects:
Type:
Hard drives can be divided into mechanical hard drives (HDD),solid state drives (SSD), and hybrid hard drives (SSHD).
The mechanical hard disk is written to the disk by means of an electromagnetic current that changes the polarity of the head very close to the magnetic surface. Its advantage is that the price is cheap, the capacity is generally greater than 1T, and the long-term storage of data is safer than the solid state disk, but the disadvantage is that the read and write data is slow, the volume is generally larger, the weight is heavier, and the noise of the higher the speed of the hard disk is greater.
A solid-state drive is a computer storage device that uses primarily NAND Flash as its permanent memory. Its advantages are fast reading speed, small size, light weight, strong drop resistance, no noise, but the disadvantage is that the price is high, and once a flash memory fails, the data of the entire hard disk will be lost.
Interface: The interface of mechanical hard disk mainly includes SATA, PATA (IDE), SCIS and SAS, of which SATA and PATA (IDE) interface is mainly used for personal computers, while SCIS and SAS interface is mainly used for servers. SSD interfaces are mainly SATA, M.2, PCI Express and U2, of which SATA interface hard disks are mostly 2.5 inches, while M.2 interface hard disks are 2080, 2042, 2060 and 20110 specifications.
Size: The dimensions of the hard disk include 5.25 inches, 3.5 inches, 2.5 inches, and 1.8 inches. Among them, the 5.25-inch hard disk has been retired from the market, the 3.5-inch hard disk is often used in desktop computers, the speed is more than 7,200 RPM, and the 2.5-inch hard disk is often used in notebooks, the speed is more than 5,400 RPM.
The major brands
Western Digital Corporation (WD) : Western Digital Corporation (Western Digital Corporation) is a world-renowned hard disk drive manufacturer headquartered in California, USA.
Seagate: Seagate Technology is a leading global provider of hard disk and storage solutions, founded in 1979 and headquartered in California.
Toshiba Corporation (Toshiba Corporation) is a Japanese diversified technology company founded in 1875 and headquartered in Tokyo.
Hitachi Global Storage Technologies (HGST) is a leading global hard drive manufacturer, founded in 2003 by the merger of Hitachi Manufacturing and IBM's hard drive division, headquartered in California, USA.
In addition, there are Samsung, SanDisk, Crucial and other brands.
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